Biden also said additional sanctions would be announced this week against the Russian elite and companies trying to evade sanctions to “back the Russian war machine”.

The military aid package would include artillery ammunition, anti-armour systems and air surveillance radars “to help protect the Ukrainian people from aerial bombardments”.

“The cost that Ukraine has had to pay is extraordinarily high. Sacrifices have been far too great,” Biden told reporters in Kyiv, where he held talks with President Volodymyr Zelensky.

Biden did not mention fighter jets, which Ukraine has been seeking from Western allies to help it push back Russian forces.

Air raid sirens blared as Biden (80) walked with Zelensky through central Kyiv, but there were no reports of Russian missile or air strikes.

‘Unflagging’ support

Visiting Kyiv for the first time since the start of Russia’s war on Ukraine, Biden said Washington would stand with Ukraine as long as it takes.

Biden said his trip was intended to “reaffirm our unwavering and unflagging commitment to Ukraine’s democracy, sovereignty and territorial integrity”.

The US has been by far the largest supplier of military aid to help Ukraine repel better-equipped Russian invaders.

“This visit of the US president to Ukraine, the first for 15 years, is the most important visit in the entire history of Ukraine-US relations,” Zelensky said.

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Zelensky’s chief of staff posted photographs of Biden in sunglasses walking side-by-side with Zelensky, who was wearing his trademark military-style clothing.

Kyiv is preparing for a possible major new Russian offensive that some military analysts say is already under way in the east.

In a speech, Biden commended Ukraine’s courage during the war, adding: “I knew I would be back.”

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The air raid sirens wailed while Zelensky and Biden were inside the St Michael’s Golden-Domed Cathedral on a square in central Kyiv where burnt-out Russian tanks have been placed.

Biden’s trip fell on the day that Ukraine marks the deaths of more than 100 people – now known as the Heavenly Hundred – at anti-government protests that eventually toppled a Moscow-backed president in 2014.

Several main roads in central Kyiv were closed to traffic on Monday morning. Drivers stood waiting in traffic as gathering crowds of pedestrians peered over barricades to get a glimpse of who had come to the capital. DM/Reuters

(Writing by Tom Balmforth; editing by Timothy Heritage)