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ANALYSIS

DA at the 2024 electoral crossroads — hoping for the best, but also vulnerable

The DA will launch its election manifesto this weekend and the upcoming polls will be crucial for the future of the party. After the elections, the DA could become an anchor member of a governing coalition or manage several provincial administrations. However, it could also lose momentum, especially if the EFF surpasses it as the official opposition — which is a possibility.
DA at the 2024 electoral crossroads — hoping for the best, but also vulnerable Illustrative image | DA; IEC. (Photos: Wikimedia | Rawpixel | Shelley Christians)

While the ANC and the DA often sound very different, they have some of the same problems going into the upcoming general election.

As the two biggest and most diverse parties in South Africa, they are both under pressure from the right and the left flanks. Former voters of both parties have switched allegiance to smaller parties campaigning on a narrow set of issues and focusing on a particular class, language or ethnic group.

Both parties have lost a stream of former members as our politics continues to fracture and lose cohesion. Intriguingly, both will face new political formations headed by their former leaders: Jacob Zuma and the uMkhonto Wesiswe (MK) party, and Mmusi Maimane with his Build One SA (Bosa).

One of the challenges the DA faces is building a narrative that will continue to attract voters from across the spectrum. While its recent conference showed a large gathering of members who represented South Africa’s diversity, they voted into office a 10-person leadership that is overwhelmingly white.

While this may be the result of a democratic process, it will still be easy for the ANC and other parties to label the DA as a “party for white people”.

This has consistently been the DA’s problem — despite its stated intent to represent the whole country, it has been unable to demonstrate this to voters through its leadership.

While the DA does have some control over that narrative, it has almost no control over how Israel’s invasion of Gaza is affecting our politics.

The party’s nature has laid it open to attack, as it has leaders, members and supporters who feel a strong sense of solidarity either with Palestine or Israel. As previously noted, this is very difficult for the DA to manage and, with the national government pressing the International Court of Justice to take action against Israel, will continue to divide the party.

In the past, a major plank of the DA’s campaign strategy was to encourage people to vote for it simply as a way to stop the ANC.

‘Stop Zuma’

It gained votes through this, all the way from 1994 until the 2016 local elections.

This momentum strengthened in 2009 when the DA started its “Stop Zuma” campaign.

The high-water mark of this was probably the 2016 local government elections. Then, with middle-class frustration with Zuma’s government increasing after the sacking of Nhlanhla Nene as finance minister, voter turnout in the suburbs increased dramatically, while declining in the townships.

This put the DA in the driving seat in the creation of coalitions and saw Herman Mashaba being hoisted aloft as the first DA mayor of Joburg.

However, after Zuma left office, the DA lost momentum and shed votes in the 2019 elections, particularly in Gauteng, where it had been so successful just three years previously.

This suggests that the DA benefited from Zuma’s time in office and found it harder to contest against President Cyril Ramaphosa.

Back then, this analysis elicited a furious reaction from the chair of the DA’s Federal Council, Helen Zille, who said the DA grew through its actions rather than those of Zuma.

If true, this means that if the DA continues to lose support it will be because of its actions rather than those of opposing parties.

This could explain the tetchiness of some DA leaders. It has become common for the party to demand a right of reply to opinion pieces written about it and then to weaponise these replies for campaigning purposes — perhaps a sign of desperation.

However, while the DA can no longer claim that people must vote for it to “stop the ANC”, it can replace that message with the claim that it is now possible to remove the ANC from power.

This is related to the impact that the DA-led Multi-Party Charter could have on voter turnout. While each of the parties in the pact has its constituency, the fact that they are working together and the prospect of real political change could lead to more people voting for opposition parties than ever before.

The DA, the IFP and ActionSA stand to gain from this dynamic.

However, not everything is positive for the DA and several recent polls indicated the EFF could come close to removing it as the official opposition.

Were this to happen, it could mark the beginning of the end for the DA, which would battle to recover from such a blow.  

However, the DA and others have correctly pointed out that it is a strange feature of our society that opinion polls taken in the suburbs provide less accurate results than polls in other areas. Some of those polls might have underestimated the DA’s share of the vote.

One of the biggest challenges the DA faces is to be heard above the noise of the other, newer political players. Its manifesto will have to provide a clear picture of its vision and a slogan that can shape the narrative of this election. DM

Comments (10)

shan.pascall@gmail.com Feb 15, 2024, 09:41 AM

One need only look at the state of our provinces to know who is doing a good job and who is not. For 30 years now the ANC have been in power, the fat cats have gotten fatter and the poor have gotten a lot poorer, prices have soared and a once exquisite country has now started to look like her neighbours, corrupted and broken. The Western Cape is an exception to that rule and for ONE reason only, this provence is run by the DEMOCRATIC ALLIANCE (The DA) and on a VERY small budget they have managed to keep it the most beautiful and well run Provence in South Africa. It has stayed that way because the people at the helm have faught tirelessly to stamp out corruption and to do what it can to keep it all running smoothly, providing much needed employment to her people and creating a worldclass background for tourism. There are 5 parties out of the 48 parties on the ballot paper that have enough clout to get in or to keep power in South Africa. These parties continue to rank high in voters minds as per the 2020 election results. These parties are the ANC (45%), the DA (21%) the EFF (10%), IFP (5%) and ActionSA (2%) and the remaining 17% of, in my opinion "wasted votes" were garnished to the 43 remaining parties with all gathering 1% or below in votes. The fight is really between the ANC (who has robbed the country blind), EFF (who will be no different) and the DA (whose endeavors and successes in the Western Cape can not be ignored). Looking at the realistic 3 options, there is no question where my mark will be on voters day. DA all the way. Its time for change. And that time is now.

Kenneth FAKUDE Feb 15, 2024, 10:42 AM

Individuals are doing injustice to political parties when they take leading positions in those parties. The DA was an improvement by leaders amongst them Tony Leon from the Democratic party to Democratic Alliance which would be inclusive to the dynamics of post 1994. The hindsight rightfully so was that an alternative diverse party was crucial to avoid the pitfall of a majority party from getting drunk and corrupt by the power they think they hold. The DA as a party has lived to expectations. The DA has also kept it's discipline evident in the governance of the Western Cape. It still has to get an up and running crucial campaign to simplify what they stand for to the ordinary illiterate grant recipient in every corner. The ANC was embraced and endorsed by a referendum of a majority of white people because of its clear sound policies and it's inclusive leadership shown during the interim government prior to 1994 elections, hence the coined name rainbow nation. The committed leadership of that time made people fail to see the need for an alternative party. Individuals have turned the ANC into a shadow of its former self with an imminent slow death. The international powers are aware of our domestic issues and they approaching our vulnerability with disrespect and insensitivity to where we come from. They fail to understand how occupation and apartheid will always be a nightmare to anyone who experienced it. Back to the topic yes the DA has less work to do to run this country efficiently more especially around the land issue which is exploited by the radicals. The ANC needs to die and start again. They are still in government though and some departments are doing very well within their policies. The EFF has yet to be the official opposition not sure if they can parachute their way to the top, nothing is certain in politics.

Michele Rivarola Feb 15, 2024, 03:39 PM

Kenneth I agree with quite a few of your insights. Power in SA starts with simple arithmetic which the DA seems to be oblivious to. Votes get you into power not necessarily good governance although good governance might get you votes but not necessarily enough of them to get into power. Determining where the majority of the votes come from is not rocket science although some leaders seem oblivious to it. What has peeved me off is the systematic disposal of bright young minds such as Ntuli, Mazibuko and many others who simply disagreed with some octogenarian trying to pull the strings in the background. Now was the opportunity and it might never come again so it certainly was an egregiously wasted one. Despite being a democracy in SA you are either with me or against me still prevails. I enjoy your comments as they show a more open mind than most of the those from others.

MT Wessels Feb 15, 2024, 10:58 AM

South Africa is not stronger because of it's diversity (the Rainbow Nation happy-speak twaddle). It is divided and weak, falling to broad identifiers like race. The ANC successful exploits this. It foremost is a broad church welcoming all factions through simple patronage politics and then succeeds at an emotional level on race - grievances, entitlement, victimhood. The DA game-fully gets dragged down into the emotional slime pond at every opportunity. It is laughably easy for the EFF or the ANC to get a shoot-in-the-foot reaction from the DA, which wins every battle and still loses the war. The DA should long ago have moved away from un-winnable emotional politics and changed the SA conversation to their purely technocratic ability to change peoples lives, a better future. Change name to something like "REPAIR SA" (an brand-change event, opportunity in itself); focus on the things that count NOW more than ever; Shout it out: We'll fix the roads and ports, fix the lights and streets, fix the police, fix unemployment, etc etc. This is not difficult. The proof is there in the WC. And don't take the bait when the fightback dives to race or emotional issues. Simply say "yes, but let's get back to how you're going to repair the hospitals/postoffice/.... " I fear for the WC vote exactly because the DA sleepwalked into the Israel/Palestine thing, hurting their coloured vote. Foreign policy doesn't move the needle for ANC voters. Foot-shooting stupid!

Case Rijsdijk Feb 15, 2024, 11:04 AM

I think that it is high time that the SA Communist Party, stood as the SACP and not on the ANC ticket.

Izak Potgieter Feb 15, 2024, 11:07 AM

While the DA might be diluted by smaller parties I think it could be an opportunity for the DA to prove its resilience. The hard shift from Mmusi Maimane to Steenhuizen was in response to the VF+ taking a lot of the DA's voters in 2019. While one can debate how smart this move was, the point is it proves that the DA is at least willing to change strategies and adapt with the voter to some extent. If BOSA, ActionSA, Rise or any of these smaller parties get a good showing I think that could make the DA change course to be more representative and in theory a more suitable opposition for SA in the long term.

Greeff Kotzé Feb 15, 2024, 01:12 PM

"While its recent conference showed a large gathering of members who represented South Africa’s diversity, they voted into office a 10-person leadership that is overwhelmingly white. While this may be the result of a democratic process..." More like quasi-democratic. If I'm reading the delegate selection rules in their party constitution correctly, then up to 55% of the delegates are composed of current party officeholders (>54), MPs (87), MPLs (89) and local government councillors numbering five times the MPs and MPLs combined (880). Of the latter group, the number delegated from each province is determined by the voting pattern in the previous NATIONAL elections. This brings us to around 1110 delegates in this group, which, combined with reporting that "over 2000" delegates attended the previous elective conference, suggests that they were pretty close to that 55% maximum. The remaining 45% of delegates are elected by branches using some proportional representation system "approved by the Federal Council or FedEx". I've found no indication whether this is weighted by branch membership or also by the voting pattern in the previous elections. So it's not exactly a case of "one member, one vote". And while they may have good reasons for such a system, it also seems rather obvious that this elective and policy-making structure would be more likely to preserve the status quo than to position the party for growth in regions and demographics where it's underrepresented.

Paddy Ross Feb 15, 2024, 02:10 PM

Stephen talks about a narrative and a DA-negative comment talks about building a story. How about this -" Once upon a,time, there was a great city called Johannesburg ..... (and finishing with) ... and that is why Cape Town is now the great city in South Africa".

Fanie Rajesh Ngabiso Feb 15, 2024, 05:27 PM

I agree 100% Paddy, it is literally as simple as that. ...now if only all the whining clever people could just KISS and focus on what is actually important together we might actually be able to achieve something of value for everyone.

The Proven Feb 15, 2024, 02:50 PM

DA is unfortunately perceived as a white party, therefore it is highly unlikely for it to attract significant non-white votes. It will have to find a way past that. One thing that should not be forgotten - the DA is every effective in local government - people vote 80% of the time based on their local experiences - this might just swing quite a significant number of votes the DA's way. This is their strength and one on which they should focus.

tureep Feb 15, 2024, 04:20 PM

The DA is also going to lose votes for not holding the referendum on Cape independence, which they promised. Between Capexit, the PA and their Gaza image they are going to lose the Western Cape this year.

Michael Evans Feb 15, 2024, 06:53 PM

Unless the DA gets rid of its current national leadership, it will have no chance of improving it's position. Steenhuizen is probably the weakest and most ineffective leader the DA has ever had. He has steered the DA in a right wing direction. There are many voters who supported the ANC under Ramaphosa in the 2019 election in the hope that he would bring about change. He has not done so. Those voters will not vote again for the ANC, but they similarly will not vote for the DA for as long as it is a right wing and white-dominated party. If the party could change, it would have the potential to secure many, many ex-ANC votes.