“They are openly pushing for genocide of White people in South Africa,” Musk, who was born in Pretoria and emigrated at the age of 17, said in a post on X, the social media platform formerly known as Twitter. He questioned why President Cyril Ramaphosa has failed to speak out.

Malema, who founded the Economic Freedom Fighters a decade ago after the ANC expelled him for bringing it into disrepute, has a long history of making radical statements. His party, South Africa’s third-largest, advocates for the nationalization of all land and the redistribution of wealth to the Black majority, policies that have resonated with many poor township residents whose standard of living has improved little since apartheid ended. It won 11% of the vote in the last national elections four years ago.

Read more: Support for South Africa’s Populist Opposition Sinks, Poll Shows

While a poll of 1,517 registered voters published in March by the Social Research Foundation showed the EFF’s share of the vote could sink to as low as 6%, other surveys indicate that it retains the backing of more than 10% of the electorate. Opinion polls also show the ANC risks losing its outright  majority in next year’s elections — and if it does there is a prospect it could enter into coalition with EFF to retain power, as it has done in a number of municipalities.

The EFF’s popularity and financial muscle were on stark display at its 10th anniversary rally, when it packed out out the 94,736-seat FNB Stadium in Soweto, near Johannesburg, on July 29. Several top bands performed at the event, which culminated with Malema being raised into the air on a platform at the end of his address to wild applause.

“We are taking government in 2024,” Malema told the crowd. “The revolution in South Africa is guaranteed.”

Malema adopted a more conciliatory tone in a meeting with diplomats on July 28, saying South Africa would remain open for business when his party takes power and privately owned mines and banks won’t be shut, but that the country needed to be dealt with on “equal terms.”

“With the European Union, don’t ask what will we ask from you,” he said in reply to a question from Spain’s ambassador to South Africa on how he foresaw future relations with the bloc. “That is a big brother mentality. What are you going to ask from us? We are not asking for anything, we are fine. Let us relate as equals, not as a beggar and a big brother supplier.”

Malema also warned the US not to threaten to withdraw the preferential market access South Africa enjoys under the African Growth and Opportunity Act in response to it maintaining relations with Russia and its leader Vladimir Putin.

“You can’t use AGOA to threaten us in terms of our sovereignty and foreign policy,” he said. “You can do away with AGOA. We will remain with our sovereignty.”