State Department spokesman Patrick Ventrell said elections that were not seen as credible would have implications for U.S. sanctions against Zimbabwe, suggesting Washington could maintain or increase sanctions depending on the election outcome.

The run-up to the election has been peaceful, but Western critics and the opposition say the process has been poorly planned, underfunded and plagued with irregularities, increasing fears of a repeat of the violence and bloodshed that marred a 2008 vote.

“We are deeply concerned about the lack of transparency in electoral preparations, the continued partisan behavior by state security institutions and the technical, logistical issues hampering the administration of a credible and transparent election,” Ventrell told a daily briefing.

Ventrell said a troubled election risked undermining political and economic progress Zimbabwe has made since the formation of a unity government after the disputed 2008 vote. He noted that the economy showed signs of recovering from economic mismanagement and hyperinflation.

The election will see the third attempt by Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai to unseat President Robert Mugabe, 89, who has ruled Zimbabwe since its independence from Britain in 1980 and is Africa’s oldest leader.

Mugabe and Tsvangirai were forced into a power-sharing government after the 2008 polls.

Tsvangirai had sought to delay the election to allow more time for reform of the security forces and state media.

Ventrell said the United States had voiced deep concern and disappointment that preparations for the elections had not followed a 2011 road map agreed with the 15-nation Southern African Development Community, or SADC, which chartered a course of reforms to improve conditions for elections.

The proposed reforms included improved voter education and registration, inspection of voters’ rolls, and changes to the public order and security act.

“We call on the government, SADC and the African Union to accept nothing short of internationally accepted standards of electoral credibility, fairness and transparency,” he added.

Early on in his tenure as the new U.S. secretary of State, John Kerry wrote to Mugabe outlining the U.S. position on the elections and the opportunities it provided for a country that was once the region’s breadbasket .

The letter was delivered by Andrew Young, the civil rights leader and a former U.S. ambassador to the U.N., according to recent congressional testimony by the acting assistant secretary for African affairs at the State Department, Donald Yamamoto.

Yamamoto said the United States was willing to roll back sanctions and expand trade and investment if elections are conducted in a free and credible environment. DM

Photo: Robert Mugabe (Reuters)