Relatives of victims of extrajudicial killings during the drug war campaign of former Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte react after watching a broadcast of the International Criminal Court (ICC) during a gathering at a university in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines, 22 April 2026. The ICC at The Hague on 22 April denied the appeal of Duterte challenging the judicial body's jurisdiction over the charges filed against the former leader. Duterte faces charges of crimes against humanity resulting from his anti-illegal drugs campaign. EPA/ROLEX DELA PENA The judges said there were "substantial grounds" to believe Duterte, 81, played a key role in the murders of 76 people and the attempted murder of two others as part of his so-called "war on drugs", which prosecutors say killed thousands of civilians in the Philippines.
"The available evidentiary material shows the existence of a common plan between Mr Duterte and his co-perpetrators to kill alleged criminals in the Philippines, including those perceived or alleged to be associated with drug use, sale or production, through violent crimes including murder," the court said.
Prosecutors have said Duterte created, funded and armed death squads to target and kill suspected narcotics peddlers and users when he was in power between 2016 and 2022.
Duterte has long insisted he instructed police to kill only in self-defence and has always defended the crackdown.
Appeals judges at the court on Wednesday had dismissed a bid to throw out Duterte's trial and said the court had jurisdiction over the case.
In previous cases, it has taken the ICC up to a year between the confirmation of charges and the start of a trial.
(Reporting by Stephanie van den Berg, editing by Bart Meijer)