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BOGUS QUALIFICATIONS

Economist Thabi Leoka’s PhD appears to be a figment of her imagination

Thabi Leoka, regarded as one of South Africa’s foremost economists, joins a lengthy list of prominent people who have exaggerated their qualifications.
sune-thabi-leoka Illustrative image: Economist Thabi Leoka has been fined R500,000 and censured by the JSE for misrepresenting her qualifications. (Photo: Jeffrey Abrahams / Gallo Images)

South African economist Thabi Leoka, who has been exposed for allegedly not holding a PhD in economics from the London School of Economics (LSE) as she claims, previously testified under oath before the Commission of Inquiry into Higher Education and Training that she had a PhD from the institution.

A Daily Maverick investigation could find no evidence that Leoka has been awarded a PhD from the LSE. 

For weeks, Daily Maverick has sought answers from Leoka, requesting copies of her alleged PhD certificate and thesis. Her undertaking to provide evidence has come to nothing. 

The LSE and the University of London have confirmed to Daily Maverick that they have no record of Leoka being awarded a PhD from either body.

Yet, following the publication of a Business Day article on Tuesday exposing Leoka as an alleged degree fraudster, the economist has doubled down — falsely claiming on air that Daily Maverick had cleared her of the charge and threatening legal action.

Under oath

Leoka provided expert testimony on 6 February 2017, in Pretoria, before the commission founded by former President Jacob Zuma after the #FeesMustFall protests that roiled South African university campuses in 2015.

“What are your full names please, Miss Leoka?” asked the chair of the commission, Judge Jonathan Heher, according to a transcript of the hearing. 

“Thabi Leoka,” she responded.

Heher asked: “Do you swear that the evidence that you will give will be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth?”

“I do.” 

“If you do, raise your right hand and say, ‘So help me God’,” he said.

“So help me God.”

The discussion then turned to Leoka’s qualifications. She said she had five degrees: BA, honours and master’s degrees all from the University of the Witwatersrand.

“Then I did an MSC in economics and looking [sic] at economics and economic history and then a PhD in international economics at … the last two … University of London, LSE,” Leoka told the commission.

Heher asked: “And when did you get your latest degree?”

“In 2008,” Leoka replied.

In the years since appearing before the commission, Leoka has held numerous directorships as well as high-profile advisory positions to President Cyril Ramaphosa and former finance minister Nhlanhla Nene. Her use of the honorific “Dr” appears in nearly every biography of her available online, and in media interviews, she is frequently introduced as “Dr” Thabi Leoka.

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In 2018, “Dr” Leoka was among a panel of researchers appointed by Nene to review a list of VAT zero-rated items and terms of reference. In 2019, “Dr” Leoka was appointed by Ramaphosa to the Presidential Economic Advisory Council (PEAC), to “advise the President and government more broadly, facilitating the development and implementation of economic policies that spur inclusive growth”.

She remains on the PEAC as an adviser.

A screenshot of Thabi Leoka's bio on the Presidential Economic Advisory Council.
Screenshot of Thabi Leoka’s bio on the Presidential Economic Advisory Council

References to her alleged PhD are also dotted all over the internet. There’s a photo of Leoka on the website of her high school, St Cyprian’s High School. Below it is the year she matriculated — 1996. Then, “PhD, Economist”. 

She serves on the boards of several companies including Anglo American Platinum, the Small Business Institute and the Senegal-based consulting group Act-Afrique. She is also a board member of MTN SA, and in company documents, her official bio says she holds a PhD in economics from the University of London.

Additionally, “Dr” Leoka serves on the Statistics South Africa Council where she chairs the Economic Statistics Committee. She is also a former Corruption Watch board member.

Until recently, Leoka was also an independent, non-executive director at Remgro. The misrepresentation of her qualifications was allegedly one of the reasons which led to Remgro withdrawing her appointment at its annual general meeting (AGM) on 4 December, Business Day reported.

The Business Day report has catapulted Leoka to the top of the list of public figures who have misled the SA public about their qualifications.

Read more in Daily Maverick: Joburg Roads Agency boss bought a doctorate and claimed a Harvard Business School master’s degree that doesn’t exist

Read more in Daily Maverick: DA Western Cape chief Bonginkosi Madikizela does not have a BCom degree, as publicly claimed 

Leoka has repeatedly defended her phantom PhD qualification to Daily Maverick and attempted to defer or block the story, promising copies of her degree that never arrived. Despite holding high-profile positions in the public and private sectors, Leoka told Daily Maverick that as she believed she was not a public figure, the queries relating to her qualifications were unjustified.

Unfulfilled promises

When first contacted by Daily Maverick on 4 December, Leoka said in a phone call that she had a PhD degree from the University of London.

“Yes, it’s given by the University of London,” she said. 

In the call, she promised to provide Daily Maverick with copies of her PhD thesis and certificate from the institution, saying, “I’ll send you everything” — but failed to do so.

When Daily Maverick again requested proof of her alleged degree via a WhatsApp message, she replied: “I’m in meetings all day and this week is quite busy. I’m also not based in SA full time.”

A spokesperson from the London School of Economics (LSE) confirmed to Daily Maverick on 20 December: “We have checked our files and can find no record of Thabi Leoka being awarded a PhD from LSE.” 

The University of London (UoL) told Daily Maverick, “LSE is a member of the University of London federation so a student might study with LSE directly but can also correctly say that they studied with the University of London.”

The University of London itself does not offer a PhD in Economics, so Leoka could not have received a degree from the university. 

“We have looked into this query and the University of London does not oversee a PhD in economics, ” the university said in response to questions. 

After further requests by Daily Maverick to explain the responses of the LSE and the University of London and provide proof of her certificate, Leoka said: “As mentioned earlier, I’m not based in SA full time. Since we spoke, I have been at the Miami Bascom Palmer Eye Hospital as I have glaucoma and have since lost sight in my right eye. This is why I didn’t stand for Remgro nominations. I also mentioned that my degree is from the University of London and my MSc is from LSE. You also don’t have my names as reflected on my degrees. I have damaged optical nerves and shouldn’t be on the phone because of the light.”

Leoka doubles down in 702 interview

In an interview with 702’s Clement Manyathela on Tuesday morning after Business Day broke the story, Leoka stated:

“What happened is that a journalist from — initially this started in December — a journalist from the Daily Maverick who was approached by someone who obviously seems to have a personal vendetta contacted me with various questions including on my qualifications. After I sent them information and they conducted their own investigation, they then ended up not writing the article. I thought that was it, the story is dead.” 

The claims that Leoka sent Daily Maverick information and on this basis we abandoned the story are false. In fact, Daily Maverick was finalising its investigation and was due to publish a story imminently.

Leoka claimed that the time difference between South Africa and New York, where she is currently based, as well as her ongoing health issues, meant that she did not have time to respond to Business Day’s questions.

Asked directly by Manyathela if she held a PhD from the LSE, she replied: “Absolutely.” 

She claimed that she had since changed her name, and this was why neither the LSE nor the University of London had any record of her degree. (Daily Maverick requested that LSE search for Leoka under her ID number, which would not be affected by her name change, and this too failed to yield results for the PhD.)

Leoka further claimed Daily Maverick had successfully located the record of her PhD, which is false. 

She told Manyathela that proof of her degree would be provided in the course of the legal action she intends to take against Business Day. She added that the boards of all the relevant companies on which she sits had carried out vetting of her academic qualifications without issue.

Daily Maverick has established from three bodies with which Leoka was involved — Corruption Watch, the Presidency, and the Stats SA Council — that she was, in fact, never vetted for her qualifications as this was either not felt necessary or not a requirement. Anglo American has claimed to Daily Maverick that she was vetted.

Presidency spokesperson Vincent Magwenya told Daily Maverick on Tuesday: “The Presidential Advisory Council is a non-statutory body, therefore, formal vetting is not a requirement. The members volunteer their time, and they are not employed by the Presidency, nor are they remunerated by the state. In the interest of transparency, the Presidency has requested Ms Leoka to expeditiously address the matter of her qualifications.”

Remgro’s Lwanda Zingitwa said, “Remgro is aware of the unconfirmed allegations that have been raised in the media against Thabi Leoka. Thabi Leoka was appointed as an independent non-executive director of Remgro, effective 22 March 2023 subject to shareholder approval at an AGM.

“The appointment was, however, not ratified at the Remgro AGM on 4 December 2023 as she advised the board that she opted to no longer stand for election as an independent non-executive director of the company due to personal reasons, at which point her tenure as a director of Remgro ended.”

Remgro did not respond to Daily Maverick’s question on whether it vetted Leoka’s qualifications when she joined Remgro.

There has been a rise in the number of fake qualification scandals over the years with the Protection of Personal Information Act (Popia), which came into effect in 2021, making it increasingly difficult for journalists to confirm whether prominent figures hold the degree they claim from South African universities. Daily Maverick has previously drawn attention to the difficulty in exposing degree fraudsters due to privacy laws in South Africa.

In the wake of the Business Day report on Tuesday, Daily Maverick once again asked Leoka to furnish us with proof of her degree. She had not responded by the time of publication. DM

Comments

alastairmgf Jan 17, 2024, 09:13 AM

I just do not understand why institutions like Anglo and Remgro do not properly vett candidates. This happens time and time again especially for government positions. It’s really not difficult. There are agencies who will do it for you.

SATRADENET Jan 17, 2024, 09:20 AM

She is involved with Corruption Watch...oh, the irony!

Alan Watkins Jan 17, 2024, 09:24 AM

Some years ago, I went part of the way to emigrating and needed certain academic docs. Firstly, certified copies of degrees/certificates..no problem as I had originals. Secondly, academic records from UCT from where I obtained two of my degrees. This seemed very difficult as i had graduated 20 years before but UCT provided lengthy academic records within days. I believe it is not difficult to get such records and confirmation of degrees from universities. They are absolutely geared up to provide these! If they cant provide them, or if they cannot confirm to a third party, then those degrees do not exist.

micha Jan 17, 2024, 09:30 AM

This is stupefying , how do these people believe that in an age of information and the ability to verify information, that they can get away with this kind of behavior. Maybe the old adage of "the more you repeat the lie, the more believable it becomes". She should be fired from all of her positions.

Peter Worman Jan 17, 2024, 09:30 AM

The times fast approaching when we'll have to vet our doctors and specialists just to make sure the person is actually qualified

Penny Philip Jan 17, 2024, 09:51 AM

She had 5 Degrees already. Why didn't she just do a PHD instead of fraudulently claiming to have one?? Unless it was a prerequisite to being a director on some of the companies whose board she's on. Bizarre.

User Jan 17, 2024, 03:14 PM

But does she indeed have five degrees? Or five imaginary ones?

Terril Scott Jan 17, 2024, 10:09 AM

Masters is a requirement to study for a PhD; BA Honours is a requirement to work toward a Masters; a BA precedes a BA Honours. Time to begin checking the back trail.

Con Tester Jan 17, 2024, 01:14 PM

Generally, yes, but I'm aware of a few cases where rungs have been jumped, the most extreme one being from B.Sc. (sans honours), to Ph.D. by dissertation. In that case, what started as an honours project was deemed so remarkably insightful and valuable that the student was encouraged to expand the work and then submit it as a doctoral thesis—which they did successfully.

johnbpatson Jan 17, 2024, 10:14 AM

There is a fixation with Phds which leads to such sad stories. A Phd is a degree to work as a high-level academic -- the thesis has to be new research which furthers human knowledge. Something which is good for academics, but irrelevant for the rest of us. And for every academic post there are around 30 Phd students. It is an incredibly wasteful system, except for the universities. They get low paid, or no-pay post graduate researchers for the two or three years, a Phd takes. The candidates get the same time not earning much or anything, and waving goodbye to early retirement. From the story, the master degrees held by Leoka, will have qualified her very well for the jobs she was appointed to, especially if they had "vocational" modules -- things like analysing large scale data to see how a business can benefit, -- very relevant with AI advances. But instead, the determining factor was a Phd, a degree for those with heads in the clouds. And that, apparently led to fraud.

ronnieg Jan 17, 2024, 10:15 AM

One need to ask the question does these Boards and company carry out vetting on these candidates It is obvious they did not vet her qualification. Some of these boards just go an appointed her on face and popularity value. One would expect government or organ of state to appoint dodgy characters, not the private sector. How did Phala Phala appoint her, I suppose the same principal as he appoints his cabinet? What is the consequence for falsifying her C.V. The media must expose those private companies.

Phillip O'connor Jan 17, 2024, 10:24 AM

There in lay the problem, appointed to various Boards, and then when exposed, cannot comply with a simple request. Surely, as she so vehemently states, that she changed her name, let Daily Maverick know what name she obtained her Ph.D in, this should settle the matter. It is easier to find reason as to why one is unable to when the pressure is applied. If you do not have the degree as stated, the be upfront and confess.

Yaakov Rashi Jan 17, 2024, 10:26 AM

One has to wonder if this is the culture of operations at the ANC?

Willem Joubert Jan 17, 2024, 10:31 AM

Having read a as large a part of the attached "testimony"attached to the article I am very scared about how far companies have to go to get BBBEE people on their boards. Obviously she only fill a seat and never adds any value, or gives any Direction to the company- as a Director's title implies. Obviously the last E in BBBEE is not achieved. Perhaps it should be changed to W for windowdressing. How long will it take for competent, intelectual people of colour( of which there are many) to be givven their rightfull space in buisiness and society. Fakesters and hot air political caders are doing the country a lot of damage and create a false image that people of colour is not capable. I wish we can start judging people on merit not political connections and affiliations. Together and with sound principles we can build a better county for all.

Egmont Rohwer Jan 17, 2024, 10:40 AM

How unusual! Hahahahahahahaha

Wayne Holt Jan 17, 2024, 10:43 AM

"There were no dollars in my couch no no no" according to Parliament, ANC ethics committee, Public Protector - "where did you get that idea from"

blommie2np Jan 17, 2024, 10:48 AM

Enter the grandiloquent saga of our protagonist, the self-proclaimed possessor of a PhD, a character so entangled in the web of academic ambiguity that one can't help but marvel at the cosmic ballet of uncertainty that surrounds their purported title. One moment, they bravely assert, "They have a PhD," only to retreat into the shadows of doubt with a meek, "Do they really have a PhD?" As the narrative unfolds, the protagonist grapples with the enigma of the correct nomenclature gracing their alleged PhD. The elusive title slips through their fingers like quicksilver, leaving them in a perpetual state of scholarly schizophrenia. Is it a genuine testament to their intellectual prowess, or merely a mirage in the desert of their academic aspirations? "Why, oh why, do you seek their PhD?" one might question, as if it were the philosopher's stone of erudition. Is it a coveted passport to the ivory towers of knowledge, or just a charlatan's ruse to navigate the corridors of inflated self-importance? The whereabouts of this prized PhD remain shrouded in mystery. Does it rest in the dusty recesses of their attic, sandwiched between relics of forgotten aspirations? Or has it embarked on a clandestine journey to the university's archives, seeking sanctuary amidst the hallowed halls of academia? Fear not, dear DM, for our protagonist is resolute in their commitment to bestow upon you the elusive treasure that is their PhD! There's just a minor hiccup: locating said document in the labyrinth of their possessions. The quest for the elusive PhD persists, akin to a whimsical scavenger hunt through the disarray of their existence. Rest assured, a digital copy of the esteemed PhD will be dispatched forthwith, once the elusive beast has been successfully corralled. Join us in the suspenseful spectacle of the PhD pursuit, where truth and academic titles intertwine in a dance as bewildering as our protagonist's attempt to grasp that elusive piece of paper.

Heinrich Holt Jan 17, 2024, 03:18 PM

This piece deserves a PhD.

loammitruter Jan 17, 2024, 07:57 PM

Haha! Brilliant! Honorary PhD for you ?

kelden Jan 17, 2024, 10:54 AM

I am not interested in who is pushing the vendetta. The fact is that if it takes you more than 30 mins to p4ovide proof of your certificate, you don't have it. Finish amd klaar.

kelden Jan 17, 2024, 10:56 AM

At least John Steenhuisen dors not lie about his matric.

kelden Jan 17, 2024, 10:57 AM

The funny thing is that without a PhD, she has a decent enough academic resume for the positions she has occupied. What was the need for the lie?

fleur.wart Jan 17, 2024, 11:05 AM

Why do you need to attack this student out of nowhere? There are jobs for which a PhD is a prerequisite (mine, for example). And the process of doing a PhD itself gives you experience. Please don't comment on things which you don't really understand.

Just Another Day Jan 17, 2024, 11:07 AM

This is so typical of the ANC. Everything, absolutely everything is fake or fraudulent.

Mark Penwarden Jan 17, 2024, 11:15 AM

This would all go away and become a non-issue if she just took 5 minutes to send her qualifications. She most likely has an assistant or staffer that could do it for her so that a busy schedule and '...not based in SA full-time.' would be moot excuses. Why would anyone want to endure the wrath of the media simply because they can't manage a little admin.

langeraa Jan 17, 2024, 11:23 AM

She is lying, just like a whole lot of other wannabee's

Peter Holmes Jan 17, 2024, 11:51 AM

As a retired academic, I'm interested in this case from the academic perspective. Claiming to have been awarded a PhD (and I'm not talking an honorary degree) when the degree was never conferred (you might have registered, or not completed) is as serious as wilful plagiarism of another's work and/or ideas. Both are intellectual fraud, never mind any financial gain, and make you an academic pariah.

Kevin Venter Jan 18, 2024, 02:40 AM

None of the people who have a false academic degree care. It is only the people who have achieved their degree by hard work and sacrifice who know what it means to have succeeded in that. For the charlatans of the world, they don't care. We can call them any adjective under the sun, they won't care. It is merely a means to get their hands on more money and elevate their status. Why would you want to work for anything when there are zero consequences for stealing it instead, which is also much faster.

D Rod Jan 17, 2024, 12:14 PM

ANC and Ramaphosa are obsessed by presenting super successful blacks at any cost. And there is fundamentally nothing wrong with it BUT, the shortcuts are taken. My personal experience, a medical professional, lauded by Ramaphosa, completely misdiagnosed and insisted that I urgently do a life-changing operation (by that person obviously). I went for a second opinion and 10 years later, I am perfectly fine - no operation was needed (which would be seriously impacting my lifestyle and income). All in eagerness to prove the success stories by overpromoting individuals in question.

tokologomas Jan 17, 2024, 12:32 PM

Where there is smoke there is fire, genrally speaking. Why not run the course of this allegation before smearing someone like Thabi. She conducts herself in a sober and respectable manner. Give us some material news Victoria. #SubjectReader

Senzo Moyakhe Jan 17, 2024, 01:53 PM

?? It was just my imagination, running away with me. It was just my imagina-ation, running away with me... ?? (Apologies to The Temptations)

eish Effedup Jan 17, 2024, 01:54 PM

So sick of all this lying , fraud and corruption. It is never ending

User Jan 17, 2024, 03:12 PM

A possible fraudster and liar advising the ANC President? On economics? Dare one draw conclusions?

Heinrich Holt Jan 17, 2024, 03:14 PM

We (not "they") are so uptight about titles.

Matthew Quinton Jan 17, 2024, 03:28 PM

This is a case of "dont blame the players, blame the game" This BS was all created by BBEEE where this ridiculous quota based system forces companies to hunt for unicorns and hire from a non-existant talent pool instead of giving jobs to the MANY MANY MANY qualified and brilliant people who have. Apparently from the comments above I am not allowed to describe who "they" are, but I can tell you that every "not they" with a qualification is leaving for the many countries that pay properly and value their education and ability more than their "they-ness".

Fanie Rajesh Ngabiso Jan 17, 2024, 07:57 PM

There is truth here. It is very sad for everyone in South Africa that people focus on the wrong things.

rob.kent Jan 17, 2024, 04:18 PM

POPI act and FICA seem to protect the 'rights of criminals? Cant verify qualifications and can't trace people who scam people using bank accounts... what's the point?

glor Jan 17, 2024, 04:40 PM

One small leak in a battleship engine room can sink the ship. I assume a 'small lie' can also sink a human?

mderauville Jan 17, 2024, 06:00 PM

what crooks

Patrick O'Shea Jan 17, 2024, 06:02 PM

PhD in being economical with the truth.

Jabu Mhlanga Jan 17, 2024, 06:04 PM

So very unlike you Doctor...used to listen and watch you ardently. Good luck with PhD.

Jean Racine Jan 17, 2024, 06:53 PM

A master's from Wits and MSc from LSE, for what good reason did she piss on a stellar corporate career by seemingly inventing a PhD? Unless she was planning a switch to the academy, this makes no logical sense. Perhaps something as base as the egotistical thrill of "Dr"?

reinhard.hiller Jan 17, 2024, 06:57 PM

Asking for evidence is white supremacy and indicates racist intent! Wondering why this hasn’t come up yet…

Middle aged Mike Jan 18, 2024, 10:26 AM

Patience Padawan.

Ryan hermanson Jan 17, 2024, 08:38 PM

People have always lied and people will continue to do so. What has changed, is now, in spite of irrefutable proof, they maintain their lies. It used to be nice when they used to acknowledge the lie once they were caught!

User Jan 18, 2024, 06:59 AM

haibo! sho sho sho! wena, you must never!

Mkulu Zulu Jan 18, 2024, 07:03 AM

Hmmm, a BBBEE PhD I presume, Universities in SA have been handing them out willy nilly for years now! The proof is in the pudding, look at the mess Municipalities and Government Engineering Departments are in. My case rests!

Jehan Bektir Jan 18, 2024, 10:48 AM

Perhaps she is accredited by the School for Higher Intensive Training run by Pallo Jordan ?

Deon de Wet-Roos Jan 18, 2024, 03:50 PM

For us who have come by our PhD and MBAs in a legitimate way, i.e. blood sweat and tears it is a travesty to find so many wannabe PhDs in South Africa. It is not necessarily the person who is committing fraud by falsely saying they have a PhD but rather those who actually follow these "influencers" on Linkedin and other social media. If there are anyone from Stellenbosch university reading this with a PhD from this institution, note that I've approached the university (convocation) to try and persuade them to start a database of every student with a legitimate MSc, MBA and PhD. Sad to say I've not heard anything to date.

Bubu Jan 18, 2024, 08:46 PM

It's obvious, she does not have a PhD. As for the presidency, No further question My Lord.

Bubu Jan 18, 2024, 08:58 PM

This reminds me of 'Dr Chosa' years back who used to be a Lecturer but never had even Matric

Peter Smith Jan 19, 2024, 06:44 AM

This is only the tip of the iceberg. There is also a large scheme happening at universities where students are legitimately awarded degrees which they did not complete themselves. With so many millionaires in the public service, they pay other students to write their dissertations. And the ROI is good as they receive a pay hike after receiving their degree. They end up being promoted. Most of their colleagues are too clueless to pick this up and most of the ministers are unqualified or incompetent. And then they delegate their work so no one notices they can’t operate Word or Excel.

Belinda Cavero Jan 19, 2024, 09:17 AM

Unbelievable! I saw first had how darn hard my husband worked for his PhD. Shameful for anyone to claim the Dr title falsely. This weekend I will attempt to write to all those companies on whose boards Ms "Whatever her real name is" Laoka and insist she be removed. I can't stand such arrogance.

Deirdre Byrne Jan 20, 2024, 05:09 AM

As an academic, I want to applaud The Daily Maverick for this work, which helps to keep intact the integrity of the degrees we award. As for Leoka and her fake PhD … “tale as old as time”.

leslievminnen Jan 21, 2024, 12:04 PM

Was tuned into Cape Talk this week and heard how an interview about how well "Brand South Africa" was selling this country at Davos. Now we get more thieves and crooks who follow in the steps of the ANC who are hell bent on self enrichment and the destruction of what's left of our country. Loved the comment by a reader on what should be done: 1. Supply this persons student number to the institution for verification. 2. If not verified then prosecute for perjury and fraud. 3. Reclaim all stolen money and send this thief to prison. Will it happen? Not likely in a country that thrives on immoral values and gets away with this. The ANC and their commie stooges are a perfect example of this.

anton.kriel Jan 21, 2024, 10:31 PM

Well if you really had a PhD, you would’ve ended speculation long ago by providing proof asap. So by default you proofed DM to be right and you to be a fraudster, end of discussion.

tokologomas Jan 24, 2024, 12:27 PM

mxm and I believed her... what an uneccessary lie!