The cold case against Christopher Dawson was reopened after the 2018 podcast put pressure on the police to revisit their investigation.
A 2003 inquest had recommended charging Dawson with his wife Lynette's murder but prosecutors declined, citing a lack of evidence.
"Dawson has enjoyed until his arrest 36 years in the community, unimpeded by the taint of a conviction for killing his wife, or by any punishment for doing so," New South Wales Supreme Court Judge Ian Harrison said during the sentencing.
"In a practical sense, his denial of responsibility for that crime has benefited him in obvious ways."
Dawson's lawyer, Greg Walsh, said he planned to appeal the sentence.
"Our system of justice and our democracy is based upon the presumption of innocence," he told media on Friday. "He maintains his innocence."
Lynette Dawson's brother, Greg Simms, said the family welcomed the sentence.
"We respect and thank Judge Harrison for his sentence, and hope Chris Dawson lives a long life in order to serve that sentence," he told media.
Dawson will be eligible for parole in 2040, when he will be 92 years old.
Dan Doherty, a homicide detective involved in bringing the charge, said while the sentence would bring comfort to the family, the case remained open as the victim's body had still not been located.
In August the Supreme Court found Dawson deliberately killed his wife in January 1982 to pursue a relationship with a teenage student he was having an affair with, and who had babysat and lived in his Sydney home.
Dawson, now 74, claimed his wife had left him - a defence that Harrison said was fanciful.
Lawyers for Dawson, who was tried without a jury due to the publicity surrounding the case, argued that the podcast, produced by News Corp's the Australian newspaper, denied him a fair trial because of the way he was depicted.
Harrison had agreed the podcast - a number-one hit that the newspaper says has been downloaded more than 50 million times - had cast Dawson in a negative light, but had not factored into the verdict.
By Alasdair Pal
(Reporting by Alasdair Pal in Sydney; Editing by William Mallard)

Chris Dawson arrives at the Supreme Court of New South Wales (NSW) in Sydney, NSW, Australia, 30 August 2022. On 30 August, NSW supreme court Justice Ian Harrison found former Sydney school teacher Chris Dawson guilty of murdering his former wife Lynette in 1982, so he could pursue a relationship with the family babysitter. Dawson, an Australian man who became the subject of a popular crime podcast, had been accused of killing Lynette Dawson in 1982. EPA-EFE/DEAN LEWINS AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND OUT