A high-ranking official of the Russian space agency Roscosmos said shortly after the launch that the flight marked “a new phase of our cooperation” with the US space agency Nasa.

The SpaceX launch vehicle, consisting of a Falcon 9 rocket topped with a Crew Dragon capsule dubbed Endurance, lifted off into clear skies at noon EDT (16:00 GMT) from Nasa’s Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral. The two-stage, 23-story-tall Falcon 9 ascended from the launch tower as its nine Merlin engines roared to life in billowing clouds of vapour and a reddish-orange fireball.

The mission is notable for the inclusion of Anna Kikina (38), the lone female cosmonaut on active duty with Roscosmos, making the first spaceflight of a Russian launched from US soil in two decades years. As the spacecraft entered Earth’s orbit, Kikina radioed her thanks to Nasa, Roscosmos and their International Space Station (ISS) partners for “giving us this great opportunity”.

“We’re so glad to do it together,” Kikina said.

Kikina, who had trained in the United States for the flight since spring 2021, was essentially swapping places with a Nasa astronaut who took her seat aboard a Russian Soyuz flight to the ISS last month under a new ride-sharing deal signed by Nasa and Roscosmos in July.

About nine minutes after Wednesday’s launch, the rocket’s upper stage delivered the Crew Dragon into a preliminary orbit as it streaked through space at nearly 16,000 miles per hour (27,000 kph). The reusable lower-stage booster flew itself back to Earth and landed safely on a drone recovery vessel at sea.

The four-member crew and their autonomously flying capsule were expected to reach the ISS in about 29 hours, on Thursday evening, to begin a 150-day science mission aboard the orbital laboratory some 250 miles (420km) above Earth.

The mission, designated Crew-5, marks the fifth full-fledged ISS crew Nasa has flown aboard a SpaceX vehicle since the private rocket venture founded by Tesla CEO Elon Musk began sending US astronauts aloft in May 2020

‘SMOOTH RIDE’

This latest team was led by Nicole Aunapu Mann (45), a veteran combat pilot making spaceflight history as both the first Native American woman sent to orbit by Nasa and the first woman to take the commander’s seat of a SpaceX Crew Dragon.

Moments after reaching orbit, as mission control wished the crew “Godspeed”, Mann radioed back, “Awesome. Thank you so much to the Falcon team. Whew! That was a smooth ride uphill.”

Commander Mann, a US Marine Corps colonel and combat fighter pilot, is also among the first group of 18 astronauts selected for Nasa’s upcoming Artemis missions, aimed at returning humans to the moon later this decade.

The designated pilot for Wednesday’s launch was Mann’s Nasa astronaut classmate and fellow spaceflight rookie Josh Cassada (49), a US Navy aviator and test pilot with a doctorate in high-energy particle physics.

Rounding out the crew from Japan’s space agency, Jaxa, was veteran astronaut Koichi Wakata (59), a robotics expert making his fifth voyage to space.

The Crew-5 team will be welcomed by seven existing ISS occupants – the Crew-4 team consisting of three Americans and an Italian astronaut – as well as two Russians and the Nasa astronaut who flew with them to orbit on a Soyuz flight.

The new arrivals are tasked with conducting more than 200 experiments, many focused on medical research ranging from 3-D “bio-printing” of human tissue to the study of bacteria cultured in microgravity.

The ISS, the length of a football field, has been continuously occupied since November 2000, operated by a US-Russian-led consortium that includes Canada, Japan and 11 European countries. It was born in part to improve relations between Washington and Moscow following collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of Cold War rivalries that spurred the original US-Soviet space race.

Nasa-Roscosmos relations have been tested since Russia invaded Ukraine in February and the United States imposed sweeping sanctions against Moscow.

At a post-launch Nasa-SpaceX briefing on Wednesday, Sergei Krikalev, head of human spaceflight for Roscosmos, said he and his boss, agency chief Yuri Borisov, were seeking to ease tensions after Borisov’s predecessor, Dmitry Rogozin, raised questions about the future of the ISS partnership.

Krikalev cited bilateral teamwork in space dating back to the Apollo-Soyuz era in 1975, saying, “We started our cooperation many years ago, over 40 years ago, and will continue our cooperation as long as I can imagine.”

The deal inked by the two sides in July paved the way for resuming routine joint US-Russian flights to the ISS.