The potential deal for the advanced stealth fighter came after German Chancellor Olaf Scholz pledged an upgrade to his country's military following Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
The principle contractors for the deal include Lockheed Martin, Boeing and Raytheon Technologies, the Pentagon said.
The Pentagon's Defense Security Cooperation Agency notified Congress of the possible sale on Thursday.
Despite approval by the State Department, the notification does not indicate a contract has been signed or that negotiations have concluded.
The notice of a potential sale is required by law.
Germany said in March it would buy 35 US F-35 fighter jets to replace its ageing Tornado.
(Reporting by Kanishka Singh in Washington; Editing by Tim Ahmann and Jonathan Oatis.)

F-35 and F-16 fighter aircraft ready for the international military flying exercise Frisian Flag, Leeuwarden, Netherlands, 30 March 2022. (Photo: EPA-EFE / VINCENT JANNINK)